legitimacy of authority psychology

Discussion and/or application is limited, poorly focused or absent. The findings also show that there is an instrumental component to legitimacy. legitimate authority. Participants (N = 66, M age = 16.38, 73% European American) were interviewed about hypothetical situations describing adolescents who defied parental directives and lied about their defiance. Legitimacy of authority is an explanation of obedience offered by Milgram. This theory suggests that we obey those seen as authority figures as were are taught to do so from an early age. By attaining and Current patterns of parental authority. Discuss the legitimacy of authority and agentic state explanations of obedience. Powerlessness Shapes the Perceived Legitimacy of Authority People may justify the current (unequal) system by endorsing stratification as an appropriate . It is after all another person's wishes they are carrying out. We agree that authority figures should exercise social power over others because this allows society to function smoothly Due to trust and upbringing authority figures . The language of parenting: Legitimacy of parental authority | Psychology Today Australia The words we use to describe parenting evoke strong emotions. [8 marks] Marks for this question: AO1 = 3, AO3 = 5 Level Marks Description 4 7-8 Knowledge of legitimacy . The findings also show that there is an instrumental component to legitimacy. Consequently, power is necessary for authority, but it is possible to have . Authority, legitimacy and power are among the key elements of any political system. Milgram's published research, entitled, "Behavioral Study of Obedience" (1962) posits the idea that obedience is a social phenomenon that relies on the legitimacy and proximity of the leader (authority) and 'humane' character of the (authority/leader's) victim. In it, the two main problems surrounding the concept of authority are . You are more likely to be obedient to an individual that you think has genuine authority than someone you perceive to be a poseur. Hence, the psychology of legitimacy involves both instrumental and relational elements. The present study aims to extend research on the role of values for the perceived legitimacy of legal authorities by focusing on (1) supranational legal authorities and (2) a broad range of values. Power of . As stated beforehand one must recognize an individual or a collective of individuals as authority figures before acting on their behalf. Milgram suggested that we are more likely to obey a person who has a higher position or status in a social hierarchy. omelets. The notion of authority is one of the most controversial concepts found in legal and political philosophy. Hence, the psychology of legitimacy involves both instrumental and relational elements. Legitimate Authority Milgram's variations investigating location and uniform highlight an important factor in obedience research - legitimate authority. 77Te Interaction of Social Category and Psychological Judgments Exclusion From Society N2 - Legitimacy is a source of power for authorities because it promotes voluntary deference on the part of followers. KEYWORDS: power, inequality, legitimacy, system justification, hierarchy, authority Political Psychology, Vol. a . "Power" refers to the ability to achieve certain ends, 'authority' refers to the legitimacy, justification and right to exercise that power.For example whilst a mob has the power to punish a criminal, such as through lynching, only the courts . AU - Tyler, Tom R. AU - Jost, John T. PY - 2011/1. 4), differentiating between coercive pressures and the obligatory character of obedience to legitimate authority. Study Resources. Reports of parenting styles were assessed in 110 primarily white, middle-class sixth, eighth, and tenth graders (M = 11.98, 13.84, and 16.18 years of age) and their parents (108 mothers and 92 fathers). Legitimacy is often viewed in modern political sociology as similar to trust, as a resource that regimes have and can employ to gain acceptance of policies. . Parents judged the legitimacy of parental authority and rated family conflict and rules regarding … Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. How the legitimate authority adds to the effectiveness of execution of any agenda especially during periods of scarcity, crisis, and conflict was evident in that period. But even from this brief discussion, it should be clear that, without a belief in authority, we would have to condemn a great deal of what we now accept as legitimate. The quality of being recognised, accepted, just, rightful and legitimate power = Legitimacy. Recognised and accepted legitimate power = Authority. An agentic state is a state in which a person no longer feels that they are responsible for their own actions, instead feeling that the legitimate authority figure is responsible for all of their actions. JUNE 2021 8 0 5 Discuss legitimacy of authority as an explanation for obedience. This is significant because they recognised legitimate authority as the cause of obedience therefore supporting Milgram's explanation for obedience.However, other research shows that the behaviours of the Nazis cannot be explained in terms of authority and an agentic shift. . People within organized groups often internalize their feelings of obligation to obey group rules and the decisions of group authorities. Complete lesson - roughly 2 hours. In this episode, she will look at what an agentic state is and studies on the topic as well as the legitimacy of authority. A legitimate authority is one which is entitled to have its decisions and rules accepted and followed by others. . The concept of authority legitimization has a strong impact on social thought and social psychology, and has emerged as an important aspect of political, legal, and social . The test subjects were not chosen for their Nationality, Religious belief system, politics, gender or socio-economic status. The interpretation of both questionnaire studies is tentative because . An agentic shift occurs when a person defers to the authority figure. Ideal for preparing for your A Level Psychology exam. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley. Psychology?One to one online tuition can be a . Abstract Legitimacy is a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believ e that it is appropriate, proper, and just. More and more, firms are characterized by flattened hierarchies, greater individual autonomy and self-manage- ment, temporary workers, and control processes guided more by normative codes of conduct than by top-down authority relations and direct supervision. Students need to read the scenario and decide which might be a good explanation and finally outline a simple explanation. According to Milgram, obedience can be defined as "the psychological mechanism that links individual action to political purpose. In this episode, she will look at what an agentic state is and studies on the topic as well as the legitimacy of authority. The central characteristic of authority, they point out, is a person's willingness to voluntarily obey orders because some aspect of the person who issues the orders confers legitimacy on them. Participants (N = 66, M age = 16.38, 73% European American) were interviewed about hypothetical situations describing adolescents who defied parental directives and lied about their defiance. Institutional authority: When an authority figure is part of an accepted institution, obedience is more likely. Study Resources. (AO1) In these studies, participants obeyed an authority figure by giving electric shocks to a learner. The psychology of legitimacy is increasingly central to organi- zations. structure of authority (chap. Legitimacy is a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just. According to Milgram, obedience occurs as a result of a conflict between 2 opposing sets of demands: The external authority authority of the experimenter or authority figure. The most interesting aspect of the experiment was the results. The Psychology of Authority (Controling the Masses ) "The disappearance of a sense of responsibility is the most far-reaching consequence of submission to authority." ‒Stanley Milgram. In this section, I refine the notions of 'political authority', 'political legitimacy', and 'political obligation'. Legitimacy of authority. AQA Psychology Year 1 & AS Teacher Notes Cara Flanagan, . Developmental Psychology, 4(1, Pt.2), 1-103. doi:10.1037 . [8 marks] Marks for this question: AO1 = 3, AO3 = 5 Level Marks Description 4 7-8 Knowledge of legitimacy . Need help with . We examine how (alignment between) people's personal values and their perception of the values of the European Union (EU) are related to perceived legitimacy of the Court of Justice of the EU . Legitimate power is power you derive from your formal position or office held in the organization's hierarchy of authority. Evidence from studies of authorities in political, legal, managerial, educational, and family settings is drawn on to explore why people view as legitimate and voluntarily defer to group authorities, suggesting that authorities draw an important part of . This paper discusses the significance of Stanley Milgram's Obedience Study in the . Types of Conformity Compliance AO1 Social . Hongyu Ma, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430079, Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education. The answer as a whole lacks clarity, has many inaccuracies and is poorly organised. Conformity is a type of social influence defined as a change in belief or behavior in response to real or imagined social pressure. The second internal value that shapes behavior toward the law is the legitimacy of the law and of legal authorities. The findings provide strong support for the existence of a relational component of legitimacy, suggesting that authorities draw an important part of their legitimacy from their social relationship with group members. This chapter introduces the philosophical analysis of the concept of legitimate authority. Start studying Legitimacy of Authority : Evaluation. Procedural justice and legitimacy have been found to correlate moderately (Hinds and Murphy 2007; Reisig et al. The first of the three elements, authority, can be defined as the . Knowledge of legitimacy of authority and agentic state is very limited. However, evidence concerning classroom authority and the many factors that shape it tend to disregard the complexity and dynamics of the relationship between the teacher and the student. Legitimate power or influence is generally called authority. A strong Legitimacy of Authority makes it more likely that a person will slip into an Agentic State. Younger generations are increasingly questioning the legitimacy of teachers. Social Influence - Social Psychological Factors (Agentic State and Legitimacy of Authority) - AQA A Level Psychology. Specialist terminology is either absent or inappropriately used OR one theory only at Level 1/2. Liz looks at the agentic state and legitimate authority for your A Level Psychology exam. Main Menu; by School . A-level PSYCHOLOGY 7182/1 Paper 1 Introductory topics in psychology Mark scheme June 2021 Version: 1.0 Final Mark. For a person to obey an instruction they need to believe that the authority is legitimate and this can be affected by multiple variables. The language we use to talk about parenting. The concept of legitimate authority has many extended uses. This is an elaborate essay plan about the agentic state and legitimacy of authority in A Level Psychology social influence. It is also known as majority influence. In more extreme situations, people obey even when they are required to violate their own values or commit crimes. Uniform' . A scientist would be seen as a legitimate authority figure recognised by society as someone who should be obeyed in the situation of a lab experiment. This activity is simply to get students applying the explanations of legitimate authority and agentic state for why people obey. A-level PSYCHOLOGY 7182/1 Paper 1 Introductory topics in psychology Mark scheme June 2021 Version: 1.0 Final Mark. Free Revision Crosswords for Social Psychology 9th March 2017 Explanations for Obedience -Variations of Milgram (1963) Study Notes The words we use to describe parenting evoke strong emotions. 4. Obedience was highest when: In everyday situations, people obey orders because they want to get rewards, because they want to avoid the negative consequences of disobeying, and because they believe an authority is legitimate. An order from an authority figure triggers the agentic shift into the Agentic State. With respect to political theory, a state is perceived as being legitimate when its citizens treat it as properly holding and exercising political power. The authority's legitimacy also matters. The psychology of legitimacy is increasingly central to organi-zations. Rather than accepting conventional arguments for administrative legitimacy through delegated constitutional authority or expertise, Logics of Legitimacy: Three Traditions of Public Administration Praxis does not assume that any one approach to professionalism is accepted by all scholars, practitioners, citizens, or elected representatives. 2 Legitimacy. Therefore, they have been topics of much debate across the ages with various schools of thought contributing to political science thus shaping the discipline into the structure we know today. xx, No. We may obey people with legitimate authority because we trust them. Legitimate authority - Condition needed for P to shift to agentic state - Someone who is perceived to be in a position of social control in a situation - Many people expect a socially controlling figure in a situation - Authority comes from PERCEIVED position in social situation, NOT personal characteristics e.g. T2 - Outcome dependence, system justification, and the perceived legitimacy of authority figures. For example, the president of a corporation has certain powers because . However, the results indicate a different phenomenon. Explanation 2 - Legitimacy of authority Authorities have legitimacy through society agreement. Milgram had expected most people to act on their initial conscience to reject the command to inflict pain and suffering on others. This research examined adolescents' judgments about lying to avoid parental control over different types of activities. Refer to Freddie's behaviour in your answer. Importance of Power, Influence, Authority and Legitimacy . Hence, the psychology of legitimacy involves both instrumental and relational elements. Cross-Cultural Psychology Chapter 2. ——-DETAILS Notes for the topic in AQA Psychology. The following instruments were administered individually and anonymously: a semantic differential to evaluate traditional and legitimate author ities; a participation questionnaire requesting willingness to participate in negotiation, protest, and violent confrontation with authority; a credibility-rating scale to measure the trustworthiness of . . that in some cultures authority is more likely to be accepted as legitimate . This paper claims that ordinary people who have a strong personal moral code tend to blindly follow orders given by an authoritarian . Alternatively, we may obey them because they have the power to punish us. Interpersonal authority Political authority. Y1 - 2011/1. Without thinking, Freddie stops pushing the other boys and waits quietly in line. 16 terms. Legitimacy is a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just. Includes: Complete powerpoint Workbook Model PEEL paragraph - evaluation Tasks Exam Question + Answer The internal authority authority of our own conscience. This paper aims to contribute to further unfold and understand this topic. The . In short, the agentic shift is where a person changes from seeing themselves as responsible for their behaviour and hands over the blame to the legitimate authority figure who is giving the order. xx, 2014 doi: 10.1111/pops.12183 bs_bs_banner 1 . JUNE 2021 8 0 5 Discuss legitimacy of authority as an explanation for obedience. The Psychology of Legitimacy The Psychology of Legitimacy Emerging Perspectives on Ideology, Justice, and Intergroup Relations Edited by John T. Jost Stanford University Brenda Major University of California at Santa Barbara published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge ThePittBuilding,TrumpingtonStreet,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom Perceived legitimacy of parental control was negatively associated with individual-oriented achievement motivations for all three domains, but social-oriented achievement motivations were positively associated only with legitimacy perceptions of parental control on subject choices. Judgments about the legitimacy of parents' directives and protagonists' deception . A 8-mark "evaluate" question awards 4 marks for AO1 (Describe) and 4 marks for AO3 (Evaluate). Ability and capacity to command obedience by dependence upon force and coercion = Power. The authority they wield is legitimate in the sense that it is agreed by society. that institutional trust was a significant mediator of the relationship between interpersonal injustice and perceived legitimacy of authority when an . In the study, the pps believed they were following orders given by an authority figure. If PsychBoost is helping in your studies, consider https://www.patreon.com/psychboost - I'm making A-level psych perks for patreons!Agentic state and legitim. A01 LEGITAMCY OF AUTHORITY: Most societies are structured hiearchally. While the term exists beyond the political realm, as it encompasses sociology, philosophy, and psychology, legitimacy is often referred to with respect to actors, institutions, and the political orders they constitute. In this way, the legitimacy of authority is a negative agent through which people can justify the harm of others under claims that their actions were authorised. Judgments about the legitimacy of parents' directives and protagonists' deception . Over the rest of us such as parents teachers and bouncers their initial to. Paper aims to contribute to further unfold and understand this topic social categorization effects on the part followers... 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